Morality & Social Justice-Rubric for Essay Essay Example for Free

Profound quality Social Justice-Rubric for Essay Seven persuasive good scholars pounded simply war convention which has been refined into seven standards where five of the standards judge whether a choice to do battle is really legitimate while the other two are a manual for simply direct in pursuing a war. The standards of a simply war include: real position, noble motivation, simply purpose, final hotel, sensible possibility of accomplishment, rule of segregation and the guideline of proportionality. The Spanish and Portuguese were not advocated to do battle with the Guarani however the Guarani were supported to war with the Portuguese and the Spanish. Oppressing the Portuguese and the Spanish to the seven standards of a simply war they were not defended to do battle. The main rule which requires that before a war is begun, it must be proclaimed by a legitimately perceived position which much of the time is the president of the military while in United states it the Congress was not met by the Spanish and Portuguese fighters. The fighter as indicated by Alves were sent to migrate the Guarani yet when they opposed they depended on military activity where numerous locals were executed and other were taken as slaves without the request for the legitimate specialists of the two countries (4). Before doing battle with the Guarani the simply war standards request that Spanish and Portuguese pioneers and fighters were to look for a request from the president of the military of their particular nations before pursuing a war with the locals which they didn't do. The second guideline of a simply war that necessitates that a war ought not be begun the premise of extending a region or national pride yet just for a noble motivation like protection from hostility by methods for danger of assault or assault was not met either by the Portuguese and the Spanish in battling the Guarani individuals. They rather attacked the individuals with a plan to move them to accept them as slaves however when the Guarani opposed they began war with them in this way breaking the noble motivation (Alves 4). Another rule require that before beginning a war the points of the war ought to be simply and restricted which ought to reestablish equity and harmony and not retribution. The Spanish and the Portuguese penetrated this rule also since their aim was not to reestablish harmony or equity among the Guarani individuals. They pursued the war out of their own childish increase in light of the fact that the locals were living calmly previously. Their advantage was the place where there is the Guarani and to oppress them too. It was not the final hotel for the Portuguese and the Spanish to begin war with the Guarani individuals. The standards necessitates that every single other mean ought to be utilized to determine debate between battling parties and that the methods more likely than not been attempted and found to flop before doing battle. In the circumstance of the Portuguese, Spanish and the Guarani individuals there was no debate in any case. It is the Spanish and Portuguese that were resolved to take the land that had a place with the locals and to accept them as slaves and much after the locals opposed their exertion they never utilized some other way to determine the question however war. There should be sensible possibility of achievement before beginning a war which the Portuguese and the Spanish didn't take to thought. The standard necessitates that the circumstance ought to be gotten to learn if there is a chance of achievement before starting or proceeding with a war. They never considered this reality and that is the motivation behind why the war proceeded for quite a few years and they were in the long run crushed (Elves 6). Another guideline of a simply war convention that the Portuguese and Spanish damaged is the standard of non military personnel insusceptibility or respect of noncombatant where the noncombatants are not focused to maintain a strategic distance from regular citizen passings. It likewise necessitates that detainees caught ought to be dealt with empathetically and that military powers halt from assaults, slaughters, plundering and different abominations. This was not the situation in the wars of the Guarani where a wide range of outrages were submitted against the individuals since kids, ladies and men the same were taken hostages and were not rewarded altruistically. The standard of proportionality which necessitates that the mischief to be brought about by a war must not surpass the great the war can achieve. Before the Europeans attacked the locals they were living calmly in their territory however after they assaulted them they were left with distresses since some passed on, others were oppressed, property demolished and families divided for eternity. It subsequently abandons saying that the Spanish and the Portuguese made a few damage and zero great the Guarani which is contrary to this standard of simply war. The Portuguese and the Spanish were not advocated to start and proceed with the war with the Guarani in the wake of being exposed to the seven standards of a simply war custom. In all the cases they went in opposition to the standards. They were not intrigued by the predicament of the individuals or the result of the war yet their own narrow minded increases. Works Cited Alves, Wesley. The Mission. 2007. 3 May 2010 http://individuals. bu. edu/wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/thth/ventures/thth_projects_2007wesley_alves. pdf

Critically evaluate the best practice in global supply chain Essay

Basically assess the best practice in worldwide gracefully chain your preferred executives at two firms in the style business - Essay Example At present, design industry is a worldwide and profoundly globalized industry where attire could be planned in one nation, imagined in another nation and wind up being sold all inclusive (Choi 2012). Comparable to this, two design businesses: Gucci and Marie Claire have bit by bit developed to this level. They are among the famous style ventures that manage shoes, belts, magnificence items, totes among other trendy items (Manlow 2007). During the assembling of these items, a specific technique is utilized that involves six rule methodology that join worldwide gracefully chain arranging, worldwide flexibly system and setup, worldwide sourcing, worldwide circulation, worldwide coordinations and overseeing practical worldwide gracefully chains (Cetinkaya et al 2010). Worldwide Supply Chain Planning Distribution focuses Gucci has extraordinary compared to other circulation habitats complete with everything that is fundamental, the conveyance of Gucci is structured around the necessities of Gucci. Dissimilar to other style retail chains, for example, Marie Clare, Gucci has various items for various areas. The conveyance communities are intended to address the issues of the Gucci. Style industry is exceptionally serious and time and proficiency is everything if a firm must be serious and fruitful in this industry. To be capable build up an approach to contend along these lines, Gucci has thought of a significant gracefully chain procedure. This procedure spins around two fundamental significant things as follows: Incorporating the providers to have a conservative worth chain Gucci is a worldwide design retailer and this implies Gucci has made a framework where it can satisfy the worldwide need for is merchandise without passing up on a chance to offer to a prepared market. To accomplish this, Gucci has had the option to think of manners by which to ensure that they can have a conservative gracefully chain. This implies Gucci has combined its organizations with provid ers to guarantee that it can control the providers. As Cook (2011) call attention to, keeping the provider near the business is turning into a typical flexibly chain the executives system on the grounds that once it kills one of the serious issues that Michal Porter (2008) distinguished in his model of five serious powers. This is the power of dealing intensity of providers. Gucci, dissimilar to Marie Clare has distinguished that keeping the providers close is a significant method of guaranteeing an effective flexibly chain that can be utilized to ensure that better administrations are given to the clients. Worldwide re-appropriating This distinction between Gucci’s gracefully chain and Marie Clare’s flexibly chain might be because of various plans of action of the two organizations. For instance, Gucci has a major scope of items with certain items being progressively famous in various markets and disagreeable in different markets. This implies the flexibly chain for a firm like Gucci most take thought of this privilege from the providers through the dispersion habitats to the last client contact. Gucci has additionally utilized worldwide re-appropriating as an approach to make it increasingly productive for Gucci to fulfill the necessities of the clients proficiently and cost viably. As per Schary et al 2007, at present rivalry all inclusive is completely firm. Singular organizations no longer contend as self-ruling substances, however as flexibly chains systems. Fundamentally, organizations no longer contend as far as brand versus brand, however they contend in wording

Friday Forum What Makes a Book a Classic

Friday Forum What Makes a Book a Classic Earlier this week, I took on the classics. When I use the word classic, I am referring to the novels that have remained a very visible part of the literary landscape but were written before 1900, by authors like Dickens, Dumas, Austen, and Cervantes. That is the definition that was suggested to me by my teachers in high school and my professors in college. I do not remember anyone ever making a formal statement, but that is what was understood. The great novels that were written after 1900 may have been referred to as modern classics.     That word, modern, seemed to make all the difference. The discussion that resulted from that post has led me to reconsider my definition. I looked to other sources, including the essay What Is a Classic? by Charles Augustine Sainte-Beuve at the beginning of the 20th century. He offers this explanation: A true classic, as I should like to hear it defined, is an author who has enriched the human mind, increased its treasure, and caused it to advance a step; who has discovered some moral and not equivocal truth, or revealed some eternal passion in that heart where all seemed known and discovered; who has expressed his thought, observation, or invention, in no matter what form, only provided it be broad and great, refined and sensible, sane and beautiful in itself; who has spoken to all in his own peculiar style, a style which is found to be also that of the whole world, a style new without neologism, new and old, easily contemporary with all time. I rather enjoy his definition, but I find it to be a bit too subjective. Using this logic, a reader could potentially classify ANY book as a classic. Their arguments may not be ones that others would agree with, but there are arguments that could be made. The word classic obviously means different things to different people. What do you think? What makes a book a classic? According to that definition, what is one book that stands out to you as a true classic? ____________________________ Cassandra Neace teaches college students how to write essays and blogs about books and book-related goodness at Indie Reader Houston. Follow her on  Twitter:  @CassandraNeace

BMI or Body Mass Index - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1168 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Obesity Essay Obesity in America Essay Did you like this example? Abstract Obesity is weight that is higher than what is being consider health weight and that is given by the persons height. Too much weight can take a toll on your body and heart. We can take the proper steps to get healthier and beat obesity. BMI or Body Mass Index is a tool that establishes between health weight (a healthy BMI ranges from 17.5-25 kg/n2) and overweight/obesity and indicates body fatness; even though it doesnt measure body fat directly. The way that the BMI works is; a persons weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. I would like for the American people to look around and acknowledge that obesity really is an issue; that we should be conscious of what we are doing to our bodies and what we are consuming. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "BMI or Body Mass Index" essay for you Create order Prevalence of obesity was ranging at 39.8 percent; affecting about 93.3 million of adults. 18.5 percent in youth in the United States in 2015-2016. The prevalence of obesity in 2015-2016 was 35.7 percent among young adults aged 20-39 years, while 42 percent among middle-aged adults ages ranging from 40-59 years, as well as, ages 60 and older with 41 percent. The prevalence of obesity among race and ethnicity was that non-Hispanic Asian adults was ranging at 12.7 percent lower than other groups, Hispanics were ranging at 47% and non-Hispanic black at 46.8 percent; which was at a higher prevalence of obesity compared to non-Hispanic white adults who ranged at 37.9 percent. The prevalence of obesity was higher among youth aged 6â€Å"11 years (18.4%) and adolescents aged 12â€Å"19 years (20.6%) compared with children aged 2â€Å"5 years (13.9%). The annual estimated costs for obesity in the U.S. was $147 billion in 2008 and the estimated cost for people who were obese was 1,429 higher than those of normal weight. In the article Ault Obesity Facts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website, stated that men and women that have college degrees have lower obesity prevalence compared to those who have had less education. The pattern was seen among non-Hispanic white and Hispanic men. With women the pattern was observed among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic. There was no difference in obesity prevalence because of income with non-Hispanic black women. There are no definite answers as to what is driving Americas chronic weight problem. In the article, Obesity in America, on publichealth.org states, Scientific studies reach conflicting conclusions which lead to many theories that are out there, but evidence points to the two causes most people already suspect; too much food and too little exercise. People are having bigger portions of food than compared to 1950 and 1983. World Health Organization states that Americans are notorious for their fast-food consumption, which makes up or about 11% of the average American diet. Fast food sales correlate to the rise in BMI. Added sugars from soda and energy drinks are wreaking havoc on American waistlines. We have to watch what we are eating and how much of it. Most food companies are just swapping hydrogenated oils and sugars in for the animal fats they removed from low-fat products. Hydrogenated oils carry high levels of trans-fats, which raises the bad cholesterol, lower the good cholesterol, of course, raise the risks of developing diabetes, heart disease and stroke. Having low calorie intake can result in high quantities of sugar disrupts the metabolism which then causes surges in insulin and energy level and ultimately contributes to weight gain and diabetes. Americans are spending more time at work than at home in our kitchens unlike people did in a different era. We sometimes pack our lunch boxes with the fastest thing we find like packaged food or a leftover. Not all low-fats and fat-free products are good because they can contain a lot of sugar and unhealthy ingredients such as low-fat sweetened cereals, low-fat flavored coffee drinks, low-fat dressing and so on. Its not just about how much we eat; its also about what we eat. Ab out 20 billion dollars are spent annually on weight loss schemes such as diet books, pills, lap-bands and liposuction. The lack of exercise seems to be the new norm and is also a major culprit in the obesity epidemic. Workplace is cited as a new source for the rise of obesity because majority of the working people sit throughout the working day, people would be working in the fields or on factory floors which leads to less exercise. In 1960, the physical activity in the labor market was accounted for 50 percent and has plummeted to 20 percent, the other 80 percent of jobs are light activity. In 1960, one of two Americans held a job that was physically active and now its estimated that one out of five Americans achieves a relatively high level of physical activity at work. According to the published Wednesday in the journal PLos One, by Tara Paker-Pope, the shift translates to an average decline of 120 to 140 calories a day in a physical activity, closely matching the nations steady weight gain over the past five decades. It looks like not only is food a factor, but our work environment as well. Obesity comes along with complications. By losing weight we can decrease the risks of heart disease, diabetes, cancer. Risk factors like high blood pressure, plasma glucose, breathing issues, gallbladder disease, gynecological problems such as infertility and sleep apnea. Other risks include erectile dysfunction and osteoarthritis. Losing the weight can help lower the total cholesterol, triglycerides, raise the good cholesterol, and prevent the complications. Our Metabolic system improves when people who are overweight loss about 10 percent of their body weight. Changing our diets, adding physical activity, medication, surgery are ways that can help America become healthier. Generics also are a contributing factor because it can affect the way and the amount of body fat that is stored in an individuals body. If it runs in the family, it is likely that the individual is in risk of increase for obesity. Not just genetically speaking, but because family members tend to share similar eating and activity habits. Medical issues are also a factor of obesity. Having arthritis, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Cushings syndrome, and among other conditions can lead to a decrease in physical activity. Which then leads to weight gain/obesity. We can be a role model for our children, if our children see that the parent have good eating habits and participate in physical activity, chances are that they will likely do the same. Introduction We can encourage physical activity, reduce time with electronics, to eat only when hungry and to eat slowly, avoiding using food as reward or punishment, having fresh fruit and vegetables, reducing beverages that contain sugar. Preventing obesity can be prevented by eating five to six servings of fruits and vegetables daily, choosing whole grain food, weight and measure food to gain understanding of portion sizing, balancing the food, avoid food that are high in energy density, and exercise. Keeping weight off is hard, we lose it and we gain it back but having a good support system can help. Non-rigorous exercise can help keep the weight down.

Integrity, Robustness And Effectiveness Of The Different...

Summary The simulation done in this module helped us to understand the integrity, robustness and effectiveness of the different processes in an organization. The aim of every organization is to create products and/or services to sell and/or deliver them to recognize profit. How well we marshal the resources, with a soul motive to meet and satisfy customer requirements, decides the success credibility of the organisation over the respective competitors. Operation functions ranging from the core to the support functions are a part of the single sphere of operations management. The simulation provided us with immense understanding on how to manage different process flow in a production unit. A remembrance of the touch points, avoiding†¦show more content†¦The tool helped us get a structured understanding of the process and what it involved before going forward and executing the process. How we used SIPOC:- †¢ Information regarding the simulation was understood by all the team members. †¢ Outputs were defined. The simulation required 3 successfully working products namely Standard, Premier and Dual. †¢ Triggering the inputs to our process. Our simulation required a new product to be delivered every 30 seconds. †¢ Supplies were recorded. Our simulation had one person responsible for managing the supplies. †¢ Activities were defined. They were performed to convert our inputs (Supplies) to outputs (final product). †¢ Customer accepting the final product up to satisfaction. Process mapping and Product Line Layout Process mapping describes the relation of the individual activities within our process and how they must be carried out.This provides valuable information about a process to help management find ways to make the process even better.The mapping provided clear and straightforward data that can be easily interpreted. With this approach I feel the staff can vent out their frustration and become comfortable with providing candid information in their work processes. A layout describes how the resources will flow and progress through an operation. It is a critical featureinvolving positioning ofequipmentthat transformresources to

Race Unity Speech Free Essays

However, how can we appreciate our differences and grow together as a country? In Beam’s Inaugural speech, he said that:† We recall that what binds this nation together Is not the colors of our skin or the tenets of our faith or the origins of our names. † In New Zealand, as a multi-Anton of Immigrants, It Is the same for us. Maybe our parents or grandparents are from other countries, maybe we have eyes In different colors, maybe we speak another language at home, but, now, at this time, we have the same name -nit is New Zealand. We will write a custom essay sample on Race Unity Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now We can see kinds of culture every day without having to live our country. We have blue sky, pure air, vast grassland, delicious food and lovely Kiwi birds. How lucky living in such a comfortable country! I remember the time when I was on the plane. It was my first time in NZ, there was more excitement than worry. However, when I arrived in this country Just over a year ago. I saw people in different colors speaking different languages were walking past me. It felt like a silent movie, there was no sound and I was standing among the stream of people. I was lost, all of the exciting feelings were gone, there was fear only left. I cannot imagine how I can live in such a different environment and I know nothing about It. It was a long and sleepless night before the school began. Next morning when I stepped Into the classroom, I received a warm welcome and curious glance and nothing else. I found It was not as scared as I imagined. They are nice and patient. They are interested in my hometown and would talk about themselves to me. I really appreciate them giving me a suspicious start of my new life in NZ. Now there are more and more new faces joining us. I’d like to help them and share my experience with them , Just like how I eave been treated. So the circle will go on. As a country, the most important thing is tolerance. Just like NZ, she accepts all of us and mixes us together. The world is whole and wide, as it happens, it is us who build up a country together. We need to use our thankful hearts and smiles to smooth over those differences, take away the insecurities and grow together as a country. What can we do to create a safe and inclusive society, characterized by racial equality and freedom from violence and abuse? An old Negro spiritual sang that: Free at last, Free at last, Thank God almighty, we are free at last! A short song but full of wishes of the black. Nowadays, no matter Maori or Europeans , western or eastern, rich or poor, we are all in NZ, we all have a dream that all men are created equal. Maybe in the past, there were wars between our birth countries but the world is peaceful now, we cannot still hold the ethnic hatred tightly and never forgive. It does not mean to forget the history but not regard others from the national point. We are the person who we are. The dark chapter of the history should not be put on our shoulders. That Is not fair for us, we are Innocent. I have learnt a article called Going for the bread†. It Is written by a Maori writer. It shows conflicts between Maori and Europeans. Some European girls say that the little Maori girl is dirty and even European mother Just shocks the door and less her get off with her dirty lies. A kid knows nothing but they can learn everything from their parents. There is also a story about a white mother and a black driver. When they take a taxi, the white daughter asks her mother why they are in different colors. The white mother answers her peacefully:† My dear, in order to make the world colorful, God lets us human beings be different colors. Such a different answer! Parents are our first and best teacher, they should be a good model. Thus it can be seen that to create an equal society, we need to Judge others by the content of their character. Can Treaty of Waiting help all New Slanderer have a sense of belonging and connectedness? If so, how? If not, why? I think the Treaty of Waiting can help all New Slanderer, however, time is changing, we are not in the same situation as before. We definitely need a treaty but a new version which is more suitable to this modern society. Do you have a proverb from your own ethnic or cultural background hat related to the theme? Meniscus has said:† The time is not important as the terrain; but the terrain is not as important as the unity with people. † On first March 2014, there was a serious mishap happened in Gumming China. At around 9:20 pm local time, a group of eight knife-wielding men and women attacked passengers at the city railway station. There were 29 people killed and 143 injured. According to the following research, those assailants are Shrug Muslim terrorists. After the attack, people from all over China are giving a hand to those victim’s families and ray for them especially Gaining Province where the assailants come from. Even a Shrug boy, he run on a blood donation vehicle and said deeply sorry to the others but he did nothing worry. It is a small part who has discrimination to different ethnics and only a few bit people of the small part will take extreme action to hurt the innocent. As the same time we accuse the assailants, we cannot pour our anger on the people who are from the same place with the criminals. In the end, I want to say: I have a dream today, I hope with our effort, one day the war would end and let freedom ring from all over New Zealand. How to cite Race Unity Speech, Papers

French Revolution (Causes and Changes) Essay Example For Students

French Revolution (Causes and Changes) Essay What were the causes and the effects of the French Revolution? The major cause of the FrenchRevolution was the disputes between the different types of social classes in French society. TheFrench Revolution of 1789-1799 was one of the most important events in the history of theworld. The Revolution led to many changes in France, which at the time of the Revolution, wasthe most powerful state in Europe. The Revolution led to the development of new political forces such as democracy and nationalism. It questioned the authority of kings, priests, and nobles. TheRevolution also gave new meanings and new ideas to the political ideas of the people. The French Revolution was spread over the ten year period between 1789 and 1799. Theprimary cause of the revolution was the disputes over the peoples differing ideas of reform. Before the beginning of the Revolution, only moderate reforms were wanted by the people. Anexample of why they wanted this was because of king Louis XIVs actions. At the end of theseventeenth century, King Louis XIVs wars began decreasing the royal finances dramatically. This worsened during the eighteenth century. The use of the money by Louis XIV angered thepeople and they wanted a new system of government. Thewritings of the philosophes such asVoltaire and Diderot, were critical of the government. They said that not one official in power was corrupt, but that the whole system of government needed some change. Eventually, when theroyal finances were expended in the 1780s, there began a time of greater criticism. This sparkedthe peasants notion of wanting change. Under the Old Regime in France, the king was the absolute monarch. Louis XIV hadcentralized power in the royal bureaucracy, the government departments which administered hispolicies. Together, Louis XIV and the bureaucracy worked to preserve royal authority and to maintain the social structure of the Old Regime. At this time in French history, the social classes played an important role in the lives of thepeople. The social structure ofFrance was divided among three groups: the First Estate, theSecond Estate, and the Third Estate. Each social group had a varied type of people within theirstructure, which presented the different views of the people. The First Estate was the Church. During the ancien regime, the church was equal in termsof its social, economic, and spiritualpower. The First Estate owned nearly 10 per cent of all landin France. It paid no taxes but, to support church activities such asschool running and caring forthe poor, they collected a tithe, or a tax on income. About one-third of the entire clergy in Franceserved as parish priests. Also included in this estate were the nobles. Some of the nobles lived inluxury in major cities in France, such as Versailles or Paris. Parish priests usually lived ahardworking life. This Estate was the minority of the people in France, having approximately 1 to2 per cent of the population. The Second Estate in French life was the nobility. They enjoyed extensive rights andprivileges. They made up less than 2 percent of the population. They, like the First Estate, paidhardly any taxes. Economically, the nobility was characterized by great land wealth. Nobles weregenerally the richest members of the society. Typical sources of income were rents and dues forthe use of their farms or estates. The First and Second Estates were grouped together because they had similar political beliefs. The Third Estate consisted of the commoners. It included the bourgeoisie, peasants andcity workers. The bourgeoisie, or themiddle class, were by far, the wealthiest. In the bourgeoisie,there were the merchants and manufacturers, lawyers, doctors and others similar to those types ofprofessions. Peasants made up the largest group within the Third Estate. They were forced to payhefty taxes, tithes to the church, and rents to their landlords for the land that they lived on. Thelast group within the Third Estate were the city workers. They were servants, apprentices, andhousehold maids. .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .postImageUrl , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:hover , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:visited , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:active { border:0!important; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:active , .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852 .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u17071a970ef59f3b68edb5570d472852:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Educational Goals and Future Aspirations EssayThe major cause of the Revolution were the differences these three groups had. However,there was another important factor during these times. France suffered from harsh economicproblems. Poor farm harvests by farmers hurt the economy, and trade rules from the Middle Ages still survived, making trade difficult. However, the most serious problem was the problemfacing the government during this time. The French

Live or Die Hard Tryin free essay sample

My summer was off to a great start, I was becoming an adult and starting my new life. I had just graduated high school and started my new job at Tim Hortons while living in Canada with my aunt and cousins. Although I was not close to my Uncle Auntime, whenever we were together, it was as if time never had passed. When I was younger, he used to take my siblings and me to church, bring us shopping, and occasionally take us to the park. It was always a fun time hanging out with Auntime, mostly because he would reward us with money at the end of our play dates. As we grew older, I would see him less and less, and I always wondered why. On the other hand, my Uncle’s wife, Yva, treated us like her own children, since she was unable to have children because of her fertility problems. We will write a custom essay sample on Live or Die Hard Tryin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My Uncle and Yva sadly were never successful in their attempts to have children together. Once we reached our pre-teen years, the visits and phone calls started to stop and she too became more distant. When I used to go and visit them on weekends, Yva and my uncle were always warm and loving towards each other. Whenever my uncle was hungry, she would cater to his needs and always made sure he was okay.She would go the extra mile and beyond for him. After a while, I began to realize a shift in their marriage. It had started with my Uncle and Aunt sleeping in different rooms. Then my Uncle began not coming home for days at a time. My Aunt had started to resent my Uncle and I had noticed her heart becoming bitter. It was as if she didn’t love anymore. Years later in 2012, the family had learned the truth about my Uncle’s constant days out the house and trips to Haiti. For years, he had kept his mistress and two kids a secret from his family and wife. After hearing the news, Yva had collapsed on the floor breaking everything in her way. She had crawled into the fetal position, yelling for her mother to come back from the grave and save her from her misery. Watching Yva go through all that pain was devastating. She believed she could not live without this man, meanwhile he was vacationing in Haiti, loving another woman and living a double life. In 2014, Auntime was diagnosed with Prostate cancer. At the time, I was still holding a grudge against him for the pain he had put my Yva through, so I did not bother checking up on him and his well being. He was dead to me. Although Yva wasn’t completely healed, Yva had decided to forgive him and gave up her job to be his caregiver 24/7. While taking care of him, she also became a step-mother to both of his children. Even though Auntime had put Yva through hell, she had made a vow to stick by his side through sickness and through health. Later on this past summer I had noticed my sister, who was also Auntime’s goddaughter, and mother began to visit numerous times every week. My mother had later on explained to me that Auntime was in his fourth stage of cancer. On June 20th, 2015 I had finally went to go see Auntime with my mother. As I walk in the crowded apartment, I had noticed a body lying on a pop-up bed. The body had looked like the malnurtured kids from the commercials on TV. His ribs were emerging from the sides of his body. He could barely communicate when spoken to. Like a baby, he had to make sounds to tell people what he wants. As I finally moved my eyes to his face, all the flashbacks began to pop-up in my head again. Tears started swelling up in my eyes and I began swimming in my tears. I was so concerned with how Auntime had ruined my life that I did not realize that his days were limited. Instead of spending his final days holding a grudge, I could have sat right near him reminding him of all t he times we spent together. Three days later, Auntime had finally taken his last breath. Watching Auntime’s life spiral out of control and watching him die had made decide to live my life with no regrets and to it’s full potential. It also persuaded me to have a career in neonatal nursing. Watching death had made me appreciate bringing life into the world and brand new beginnings.

Martin Luther King Jr Day Essay †A Life to Be Remembered

Martin Luther King Jr Day Essay – A Life to Be Remembered It’s in times like these that we must turn our heads from the future, and the present, to look back on the brilliant minds of the past. From this vantage certain questions can be jarring. For example, how different would the state of world today be if Martin Luther King Jr had been the first African American president? At this moment in history many Americans believe the US government is the #1 threat to liberty and the pursuit of justice, once again. It was the same in his day. The degree to which civil liberties have been eroded for all Americans, not just those of color, is disturbing; shocking really. Both Martin Luther King Jr. and President Obama are Nobel Peace Prize winners. One for combating racial inequality, and the other for well†¦no one really knows and the President himself offered to give it back. What’s happening? When did we lose control? To write an essay, let’s take a look at a couple select parts of the world renowned and historic speech, I Have a Dream and compare it to where most Americans find themselves today. And, as we do, let’s ask ourselves what it’s going to take before another leader like Mr. Luther King Jr. stands up and begins to speak. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. Income disparity is at historic levels. The fact of the matter is that nearly all of the country’s wealth is concentrated in the hands of a tiny portion of society. We’re talking literally off the charts inequality (borderline banana republic). While over 100 million have left the conventional workforce to become discouraged or underemployed workers, Wall Street is seeing new highs. As of right now the DOW just reached its 143rd new record of 2013. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. Because of the rampant fiscal calamities, compounded by the loss of civil liberties and the disenfranchisement of the masses in the completely inept political establishment, a ferocious class war is brewing. The right and left sides of the isle have never been so polarized throughout the nation. Online and around dinner tables from Seattle to New York serious constitutional, legislative and legal arguments are getting heated. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. The state still has some political, economic, educational, labor problems. Debt is progressing. Through inflation and the devaluation of the dollar, at least 80% of America is being increasingly oppressed and then taxed to the gills with interest on money created out of thin air. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. In this respect Martin would be proud of America’s youth at large. They’re not perfect and have many flaws, but they sit at the cusp of a new age where through technology they find empowerment. Free knowledge, networking, business, virtual currencies, etc. Millennials will be the brunt of the workforce soon, and with them will come unprecedented changes. Freedom, real honest to goodness freedom, that’s what we see when we look at a black and white photo of him. That’s what we feel when we hear his words: And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado. Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that: Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. Sooner or later the pendulum of freedom will swing back towards a more balanced 21st century society. And when it does there will be great minds at the helm of powerful movement who themselves will have likely read and re-read those words above. A life remembered still has the power to change the world.

No topic needed Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No topic needed - Coursework Example Doctrine of flux, however, asserts that opposite things are similar while unity of opposites confirms the being of all things. Therefore, Heraclitus should support ‘everything changes’ because society is dynamic. The light of the sun describes good in Plato’s allegory of the cave because it demonstrates man’s enlightenment and knowledge. Getting from imagination to intelligence encompasses four crucial steps that include acknowledgment of ignorance, accumulating knowledge, seeking wisdom, and testing the truth of what is learnt. Socrates raised pertinent matters during his Apology speech where he defended himself against charges of corrupting of youth by question the idea that defines corruption. On the other hand, in making them not believe God, he argued that his philosophy was more fundamental than any divine being (Lampert 121). Pattern of reason in deduction involves the arrival of conclusion based on the premise while induction is a generalization from a few observations. However, in abduction, premises do not necessarily lead to a conclusion. Consequently, deductive conclusions can only be true if premises are made valid. Other reasoning patterns cannot be necessarily true because they do not depend on the

Management and Leadership Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management and Leadership Paper - Essay Example For instance, both leaders as well as managers are responsible for achieving similar organizational goals – that of steering the organization towards profitable goals; their tasks involve working in groups and managing people; along with other similar shared traits and responsibilities. According to Richard Daft, "leadership cannot replace management but rather is something that is to be practiced in addition to management" (in Prussakov, 2011). Warren Bennis, has listed various key differences between leadership and management which are discussed below: Managers are responsible for handling the day to day administration of the organization while leaders on the other hand are required to ‘lead’ through ‘innovation’. The management team at Nike is focused on innovation and creativity as a part of their strategic policies with a view to retain their competitive positioning in the market and retain their dominance. Hence, while the managers are entrusted with the responsibilities of handling the routine operations the leaders on the other hand, constantly seek to develop new ways to create and innovate their products. For instance, recently Nike developed a new app which uses the iPhone's GPS and mapping capabilities to track the performance of the athletes / runners. Furthermore, the app is moderately priced and connected directly to the company's website which helps the runners / users to share their running routes as well as time with everyone and post their results directly to popular social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook (NY times, 2010). The managers maintain stability while the leaders initiate change. The manager's task is to maintain and sustain the competitive positioning of the organization while the leader is entrusted with the responsibility of developing and expanding the organization. For instance as observed in the case of Nike, during its initial days, the company experienced rapid growth and began t o be known as a leading and fashionable sports brand during the 1990s. However by the end of the 1990s the growth began to stagnate, with the entry of new players in the market such as Adidas and Reebok along with several other smaller brands. One of the key marketing problems faced by Nike during these times was that the company had begun to lose its brand image, as fashionable footwear for teens, as older people increasingly began sporting Nike gear (i.e. clothing as well as footwear) (Porter et al., 2005). The managers, in this case were responsible to ensure that the company achieves its profit targets and maintains its stability however, the leaders on the other hand, were required to innovate and change the brand image to achieve its long term goals – that of long term sustainability in the market. Hence, as a result, the management at Nike changed its marketing strategy and targeted a younger market segment –the Californian teenager, to revamp its brand image. T he manager encourages and enhances the efficiency of the employees and groups while the leader

Higher Quality Input Phrase To Driven Reverse Dictionary

Higher Quality Input Phrase To Driven Reverse Dictionary Implementing a Higher Quality Input Phrase To Driven Reverse Dictionary E.Kamalanathan  and C.Sunitha Ram ABSTRACT Implementing a higher quality input phrase to driven reverse wordbook. In contrast to a conventional forward wordbook, that map from word to their definitions, a reverse wordbook takes a user input phrase describing the specified construct, and returns a group of candidate words that satisfy the input phrase. This work has important application not just for the final public, notably those that work closely with words, however conjointly within the general field of abstract search. The current a group of algorithms and therefore the results of a group of experiments showing the retrieval accuracy and therefore the runtime latency performance is implementation. The experimental results show that, approach will offer important enhancements in performance scale while not sacrificing the standard of the result. Experiments scrutiny the standard of approach to it of presently on the market reverse dictionaries show that the approach will offer considerably higher quality over either of the opposite presently on the market implementations. Index Terms : Dictionaries, thesauruses, search process, web-based services. . INTRODUCTION A Report work on creating a reverse dictionary, As against a regular (forward) wordbook that maps words to their definitions, a WD performs the converse mapping, i.e., given a phrase describing the required conception, it provides words whose definitions match the entered definition phrase. It’s relevant to language understanding. The approach has a number of the characteristics expected from a strong language understanding system. Firstly, learning solely depends on unannoted text information, which is abundant and contain the individual bias of an observer. Secondly, the approach is predicated on all-purpose resources (Brill’s PoS Tagger, WordNet [7]), and also the performance is studied below negative (hence additional realistic) assumptions, e.g., that the tagger is trained on a regular dataset with doubtless totally different properties from the documents to be clustered. Similarly, the approach studies the potential advantages of victimization all potential senses (and hypernyms) from WordNet, in an endeavor to defer (or avoid altogether) the necessity for Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD), and also the connected pitfalls of a WSD tool which can be biased towards a particular domain or language vogue BACKGROUND WORK Natural Language Processing: Natural Language Processing (NLP) [6] is a large field which encompasses a lot of categories that are related to this thesis. Specifically NLP is the process of computationally extracting meaningful information of natural languages. In other words: the ability for a computer to interpret the expressive power of natural language. Subcategories of NLP which are relevant for this thesis are presented below. WordNet: WordNet [7], [2]is a large lexical database containing the words of the English language. It resembles the traits of a thesaurus in that it structures words that have similar meaning together. WordNet is something more, since it also specifies different connections for each of the senses of a given word. These connections place words that are semantically related close to one another in a network. WordNet also displays some quality of a dictionary, since it describes the definition of words and their corresponding part-of-speech. Synonym relation is the main connection between words, which means that words which are conceptually equivalent, and thus interchangeable in most contexts, are grouped together. These groupings are called synsets and consist of a definition and relations to other synsets. A word can be part of more than one synset, since it can bear more than one meaning. WordNet has a total of 117 000 synsets, which are linked together. Not all synsets have a distinct path to another synset. This is the case, since the data structure in WordNet is split into four different groups; nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs (since they follow different rules of grammar). Thus it is not possible to compare words in different groups, unless all groups are linked together with a common entity. There are some exceptions which links synsets cross part-of-speech in WordNet, but these are rare. It is not always possible to find a relation between two words within a group, since each group are made of different ba se types. The relations that connect the synsets within the different groups vary based on the type of the synsets. Application Programming Interface Several Application Programming Interfaces (API) exists for WordNet. These allow easy access to the platform and often additional functionality. As an example of this the Java WordNet Library [8] (JWNL) can be mentioned. This allows for access to the WordNet Library files. PoS Tagging PoS tags[8] are assigned to the corpus using Brill’s PoS tagger. As PoS tagging require the words to be in their original order this is done before any other modifications on the corpora. Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is the field which is concerned with analysing a text and assigning different grammatical roles to each entity. These roles are based on the definition of the particular word and the context in which it is written. Words that are in close proximity of each other often affect and assign meaning to each other. The POS taggers job is to assign grammatical roles such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc. based upon these relations. The tagging of POS is important in information retrieval in general text processing. This is the case since natural languages contain a lot of ambiguity, which can make distinguishing words/terms difficult. There are two main schools when tagging POS. These are rule-based and stochastic. Examples of the two are Brill’s tagger and Stanford POS tagger, respectively. Rule-based taggers work by applying the most used POS for a given word. Predefined/lexical rules are then applied to the structure for error analysis. Errors are corrected until a satisfying threshold is reached. Stochastic taggers use a trained corpus to determine the POS of a given word. Stopword Removal Stopwords, i.e. words thought not to convey any meaning, are removed from the text. The approach taken in this work does not compile a static list of stopwords, as usually done. Instead PoS information is browbeaten and all tokens that are not nouns, verbs or adjectives are removed. Stop words are words which occur often in text and speech. They do not tell much about the content they are wrapped in, but helps humans understand and interpret the residue of the content. These terms are so generic that they do not mean anything by themselves. In the context of text processing they are basically just empty words, which only takes up space, increases computational time and affects the similarity measure in a way which is not relevant. This can result in false positives. Table: 1 List of Stop words This class includes only one method; which runs through a list of words and removes all occurrences of words specified in a file. A text file, which specifies the stop words, is loaded into the program. This file is called â€Å"stop-words.txt† and is located at the home directory of the program. The text file can be edited such that it only contains the desired stop words. A representation of the stop words used in the text file can be found in table 1. After the list of stop words has been loaded, it is compared to the words in the given list. If a match is found the given word in the list is removed. A list, exposed from stop words, is then returned. Stemming Words with the same meaning appear in various morphological forms. To capture their similarity they are normalised into a common root-form, the stem. The morphology function provided with WordNet is used for stemming, because it only yields stems that are contained in the WordNet dictionary. This class contains five methods; one for converting a list of words into a string, two for stemming a list of words and two for handling the access to WordNet through the JWNL API[8]. The first method listToString() takes an ArrayList of strings and concatenate these into a string representation. The second method stringStemmer() takes an ArrayList of strings and iterates through each word, stemming these by calling the private method wordStemmer(). This method checks if the JWNL API has been loaded and starts stemming by looking up the lemma of a word in WordNet. Before this is done, each word starting with an uppercase letter is checked to see if it can be used as a noun. If the word can be used as a noun, it does not qualify for stemming and is returned in its original form. The lemma lookup is done by using a morphological processor, which is provided by WordNet. This morphs the word into its lemma, after which the word is checked for a match in the database of WordNet. This is done by running through all the specified POS databases defined in WordNet. If a match is found, the lemma of the word is returned, otherwise the original word is simply returned. Lastly, the methods allowing access to WordNet initializes the JWNL API and shuts it down, respectively. The initializer() method gets an instance of the dictionary files and loads the morphological processor. If this method is not called, the program is not able to access the WordNet files. The method close() closes the dictionary files and shuts down the JWNL API. This method is not used in the program, since it would not make sense to uninstall the dictionary once it has been installed. It would only increase the total execution time. It has been implemented for good measure, should it be needed. Stemming[5] is the process of reducing an inflected or derived word to its base form. In other words all morphological deviations of a word are reduced to the same form, which makes comparison easier. The stemmed word is not necessarily returned to its morphological root, but a mutual stem. The morphological deviations of a word have different suffixes, but in essence describe the same. These different variants can therefore be merged into a distinct representative form. Thus a comparison of stemmed words turns up a higher relation for equivalent words. In addition storing becomes more effective. Words like observes, observed, observation, observationally should all be reduced to a mutual stem such as observe. PROPOSED SYSTEM Reverse dictionaries approach can provide significantly higher quality. The proposed a set of methods for building and querying a reverse dictionary. Reverse dictionary system is based on the notion that a phrase that conceptually describes a word should resemble the word’s actual definition, if not matching the exact words, then at least conceptually similar. Consider, for example, the following concept phrase: â€Å"talks a lot, but without much substance.† Based on such a phrase, a reverse dictionary should return words such as â€Å"gabby,† â€Å"chatty,† and â€Å"garrulous.† Forward mapping (standard dictionary): Intuitively, a forward mapping designates all the senses for a particular word phrase. This is expressed in terms of a forward map set (FMS). The FMS of a (word) phrase W, designated by F(W) is the set of (sense) phrases {S1, S2, . . . Sn } such that for each Sj à Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ F(Wi), (Wi à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   Sj) à Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ D. For example, suppose that the term â€Å"jovial† is associated with various meanings, including â€Å"showing high-spirited merriment† and â€Å"pertaining† to the god Jove, or Jupiter.† Here, F (jovial) would contain both of these phrases. Reverse mapping (reverse dictionary): Reverse mapping applies to terms and is expressed as a reverse map set (RMS). The RMS of t, denoted R(t), is a set of phrases { P1, P2, Pi,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦, Pm}, such that à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Pi à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã†â€™Ã… ½ R(t), t à ¯Ã†â€™Ã… ½ F(Pi). Intuitively, the reverse map set of a term t consists of all the (word) phrases in whose definition t appears. The find candidate words phase consists of two key sub steps: 1) Build the RMS. 2) Query the RMS. A. COMPONENTS The first preprocessing step is to PoS tag the corpus. The PoS tagger relies on the text structure and morphological differences to determine the appropriate part-of-speech. For this reason, if it is required, PoS tagging is the first step to be carried out. After this, stopword removal is performed, followed by stemming. This order is chosen to reduce the amount of words to be stemmed. The stemmed words are then looked up in WordNet and their corresponding synonyms and hypernyms are added to the bag-of-words. Once the document vectors are completed in this way, the frequency of each word across the corpus can be counted and every word occurring less often than the pre specified threshold is pruned. Stemming, stopword removal and pruning all aim to improve clustering quality by removing noise, i.e. meaningless data. They all lead to a reduction in the number of dimensions in the term-space. Weighting is concerned with the estimation of the importance of individual terms. All of these have been used extensively and are considered the baseline for comparison in this work. However, the two techniques under investigation both add data to the representation. a PoS tagging adds syntactic information and WordNet is used to add synonyms and hypernyms. B. BUILDING REVERSE MAPPING SETS The input phrases sentence is split into words and then removes the stop words ( a, be, person, some, someone, too, very, who, the, in, of, and, to) if any appears, and find other words, which is having same meaning from the forward dictionary data sources. Given the large size of dictionaries, creating such mappings on the fly is infeasible. Thus, Procreate these Rs for every relevant term in the dictionary. This is a one time, offline event; once these mappings exist, we can use them for ongoing lookup. Thus, the cost of creating the corpus has no effect on runtime performance. For an input dictionary D, we create R mappings for all terms appearing in the sense phrases (definitions) in D. C. RMS QUERY This module responds to user input phrases. Upon receiving such an input phrase, we query the R indexes already present in the database to find candidate words whose definitions have any similarity to the input phrase. Upon receiving an input phrase U, we process U using a stepwise refinement approach. We start off by extracting the core terms from U, and searching for the candidate words (Ws) whose definitions contain these core terms exactly. (Note that we tune these terms slightly to increase the probability of generating Ws) If this first step does not generate a sufficient number of output Ws, defined by a tuneable input parameter ÃŽ ±, which represents the minimum number of word phrases needed to halt processing and return output. D. CANDIDATE WORD RANKING In this module sorts a set of output Ws in order of decreasing similarity to U, based on the semantic similarity. To build such a ranking, we need to be able to assign a similarity measure for each (S,U) pair, where U is the user input phrase and S is a definition for some W in the candidate word set O. Wn and Palmer’s Conceptual similarity, WUP Similarity between concepts a and b in a hierarchy, Here depth(lso(a,b)) is the global depth of the lowest super ordinate of a and b and len(a,b) is the length of the path between the nodes a and b in the hierarchy SOLUTION ARCHITECTURE We now describe our implementation architecture, with particular attention to design for scalability. The Reverse Dictionary Application (RDA) is a software module that takes a user phrase (U) as input, and returns a set of conceptually related words as output. Figure 1. Architecture of reverse dictionary. The user input phrase, split the word from the input phrase, perform the stemming. Predict every relevant term in the forward dictionary data source. In the generate query. input phrase, minimum and maximum output thresholds as input, then removal of level 1 stop words ( a, be, person, some, someone, too, very, who, the, in, of, and, to) and perform stemming, generate the query.Execute the query find the set of candidate words. Finally sort the result based on the semantic similarity EXPERIMENTAL ENVIRONMENT Our experimental environment consisted of two 2.2 GHz dual-core CPU, 2 GB RAM servers running Windows XP pro and above. On one server, we installed our implementation our algorithms (written in Java). The other server housed is wordnet dictionary data. CONCLUSION We describe the many challenges inherent in building a reverse lexicon, and map drawback to the well-known abstract similarity problem. We tend to propose a collection of strategies for building and querying a reverse lexicon, and describe a collection of experiments that show the standard of our results, similarly because the runtime performance underneath load. Our experimental results show that our approach will give important enhancements in performance scale while not sacrificing answer quality. The higher quality input phrase to driven reverse dictionary. Unlike a traditional forward dictionary, which maps from words to their definitions, a reverse dictionary takes a user input phrase describing the desired concept, it reduce the well-known conceptual similarity problem. The set of methods building a reverse mapping querying a reverse dictionary and it produces the higher quality of results. This approach can provide significant improvements in performance scale without sacrificing solution quality but for larger query it is fairly slow. REFERENCES T. Dao and T. Simpson, â€Å"Measuring Similarity between Sentences,† 2009. http://opensvn.csie.org/WordNetDotNet/trunk/ Projects/ T. Hofmann, â€Å"Probabilistic Latent Semantic Indexing,† SIGIR ’99: Proc. 22nd Ann. Int’l ACM SIGIR Conf. Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 50-57, 1999. D. Lin, â€Å"An Information-Theoretic Definition of Similarity,† Proc .Int’l Conf. Machine Learning, 1998. M. Porter, â€Å"The Porter Stemming Algorithm,†http://tartarus.org/martin/PorterStemmer/ , 2009. G. Miller, C. Fellbaum, R. Tengi, P. Wakefield, and H. Langone, â€Å"Wordnet Lexical Database,† http://wordnet.princeton.edu/wordnet/download/, 2009. P. Resnik, â€Å"Semantic Similarity in a Taxonomy: An Information-Based Measure and Its Application to Problems of Ambiguity in Natural Language,† J. Artificial Intelligence Research, vol. 11, pp. 95- 130, 1999. AUTHORS PROFILE E Kamalanathan is pursuing his Master of Engineering (part time ) from Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SCSVMV University Enathur,

Comparing Gilliams Brazil and Radfords Adaptation of 1984 :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing Gilliam's Brazil and. Radford's Adaptation of 1984  Ã‚     Ã‚   While researching for a book on the making of and feud over the American release of Terry Gilliam's Brazil, author Jack Mathews read virtually every review of the film printed in the United States and found that very few failed to refer to the film as "futuristic" or "Orwellian." "The comparisons are understandable, if inaccurate," says Mathews, "There isn't a futuristic element in Brazil. The story is Orwellian, in the sense that it is set in a totalitarian state where individuality is smothered by enforced conformity. But where George Orwell...was envisioning a future ruled by fascism and technology, Gilliam was satirizing the bureaucratic, largely dysfunctional industrial world that had been driving him crazy all his life"(Mathews). Terry Gilliam's Brazil, made in 1985, at first glance, seems much like Michael Radford's film version of George Orwell's 1984, made in 1984, in its setting and story. However, upon further examination of the two films, there are differences in style and tone that distance them from each other. 1984 is dark and gloomy from beginning to end while Brazil, though still dark, has a much lighter atmosphere. The love stories presented in both films are unmistakably similar and make the plots seem closer to each other, but this is the only strong link they share, for differences in tone distance the films from each other. Because of its dark humor, Brazil is a satire of the very society in which the story takes place, while 1984, though also a satire, lacks any humor whatsoever and is more of a horror story of a society that might await mankind. In the opening scene, Terry Gilliam's Brazil seems to be quite jovial. A shot in which the camera hovers through the sky, passing in and out of clouds, starts the film off while the song "Brazil," after which the movie was named, fills the soundtrack. Titles begin to appear over the soaring shot. The titles read, "Somewhere in the 20th Century," informing the audience of the time period, but confusing them as well. The world in which the movie's main character dwells is a dreary, dystopian, retro-futuristic metropolis, a far cry from anything that has been seen this century. In this world, nobody is protected from the government; individuals are executed as a result of administrative errors. The compensation for these wrongful deaths is a simple refund check.

The Heart of Darkness: the Ultimate Choice of Man

The Heart of Darkness: The Ultimate Choice of Man A single word holds the potential to have multiple connotations. Stringing these subjective words into a novel may have a catastrophic effect on the readers. However, a story’s ability to comprise of several different interpretations provides deeper insight and depth. In Joseph Conrad’s novel, The Heart of Darkness, there are various viewpoints one may take throughout the main character Marlow’s journey.But Conrad’s artful use of dualistic symbolism is arguably the most crucial because it highlights the underlying theme, which stresses the dual nature of man and his choice to control his actions. During the entirety of the book, dualism is constantly utilized to contrast separate entities, such as wilderness and civilization. Some may argue the two are merely classifications of environments but in actuality, they represent the effect that order or lack of can have on people. Civilizations consist of laws an d rules to uphold man’s morals to ensure a working and efficient society.But as mentioned in the novel, Marlow says, â€Å"And [London] also†¦has been one of the dark place of the earth†¦I was thinking of very old times, when the Romans first came here†¦Oh yes – [they] did it. Did it very well, too, no doubt and without thinking much about it either, except afterwards to brag of what he had gone through in his time, perhaps. They were men enough to face the darkness†(67-69). London, a symbol of enlightenment, is also once a â€Å"dark place of the earth† until Romans force civilization upon the land. The city is an example stressing how civilization is a learned habit and is not an innate characteristic of humanity.To maintain a stable and harmonious community, it appears necessary to establish a code of ethics to enforce stability on its people. But if defined in this sense, imperialism is clearly a hypocritical attempt to justify exploita tions of the indigenous and primitive states of man and nature alike. The Company in The Heart of Darkness insists it will colonize the people, but this reasoning is extremely ironic because the damage that the jungle has on the white man’s soul exceeds the physical pain of the black men’s toil.Near the beginning of the trip, Marlow distinguishes the feeling of the jungle and says, â€Å"In some inland post feel the savagery, the utter savagery, had close round him – all that mysterious life of the wilderness that stirs in the forest, in the jungles, in the hearts of wild men†¦ He has to live in the midst of the incomprehensible, which is also detestable. And it has a fascination, too, that goes to work upon him†(69). Even if the wilderness is constantly described as dark and savage, it holds a fascination upon civilized men.This is partly due to the incomprehensibility of the wilderness that imposes itself as an ominous, omnipotent force testing one ’s ability to hold onto sanity. Once people enter the wild, their primitive impulses are revealed since they are free to do as they desire without fear of consequence. The jungle is referred to as â€Å"the heart of darkness† not because it unleashes the evil of civilized men, but because it mirrors the darkness already apparent in every being. As Marlow progresses deeper into the jungle, he says, â€Å"The earth seemed unearthly.We are accustomed to look upon the shackled form of a conquered monster, but there – there you could look at a thing monstrous and free. It was unearthly, and the men were – No, they were not inhuman†¦but if you were man enough you would admit to yourself that there was in you just the faintest trace of a response to the terrible frankness†¦ Principles won’t do. Acquisitions, clothes, pretty rags – rages that would fly off at the first good shake. No; you want a deliberate belief†(108-109). Society may restrain savage tendencies, yet it cannot eliminate them.Primeval tendencies are always lurking, and the superficial morals of civilization are much more unstable than it seems at first glance. The acquisitions and material possessions mentioned are considered to be valuable requirements to live an accomplished and successful life. Greed fuels the expedition and it is what overcame Kurtz, who represents what man can become if left solely to his inner desires. On the other hand, Marlow is a civilized soul who is left mostly unscathed by the darkness. In the lawlessness of the wilderness, it is up to the individual to either abide to his morals or sacrifice his soul to the darkness.When men are confronted with the boundless opportunities for sin in the wilderness, they can choose to restrain their internal greed or to accede to their temptations. Conrad uses these two intangible contrasts to stress that man does indeed have a choice in his actions. Even the â€Å"savage† me n who are natives of the jungle are primary examples of restraint in the novel. During the expedition, Marlow characterizes the natives and says, â€Å"Yes; I looked at [the natives] as you would on any human being with a curiosity of their impulses, motives, capacities, weaknesses, when brought to the test of an inexorable physical necessity.Restraint! What possible restraint? â€Å"(116). Desires and impulses of humanity can often fuel their ambitions. At the same time, desires can bring ruin to a man because they may compel him to commit treacherous and evil deeds. However, they cannot be an excuse for man to brush aside his wrongdoings for they do not force him to make any actions. A person’s actions must be judged accordingly, regardless of his or her intended motives or societal status. One’s lack of restraint is exemplified when Marlow says, â€Å"[The helmsman] had no restraint, no restraint-just like Kurtz-a tree swayed by the wind†(129).Before, the h elmsman is a native of the Congo, but he becomes accustomed to the white man’s ways after accompanying the sailors on their journey. The native men of the Congo are both physically and mentally stronger because they are not enticed by material temptations. Association with proud civilized men causes the helmsman to be careless, leading to his untimely death. Instead of upholding his original ideals, the man’s absence of self-control indicates his newfound weakness.Kurtz, a man of great power and wealth, is ironically the ultimate representation of a man blinded by temptation, which deteriorates his willpower and produces a weak and unstable mentality. In his final moments, Kurtz cries out, â€Å"The horror! The horror†(154). These final words are Kurtz’s recognition of the â€Å"horrors† he has committed by allowing temptation to overtake him. In Kurtz’s situation, temptation triumphs and concludes in his death, basically suggesting that suc cumbing to one’s temptations results in the ultimate punishment.Restraint and temptation are dualities implying that everyone possesses a good and evil nature, but the choice to uncover the restraint required to preserve humanity is ultimately left to the discretion of each person. Both wilderness and civilization along with temptation and restraint comparisons symbolize the good and bad within human nature, which is exemplified the most generally by portrayal of light and dark. Conrad twists the usual denotation of light and its common interpretations because light often portrays ignorance and narrow-mindedness in the novel.The dark is ever present in the jungle; hence the title The Heart of Darkness, but it is also strongly characterized by Kurtz. One of the descriptions of Kurtz says, â€Å"The point in his being a gifted creature, and that all his gifts the one that stood out pre-eminently, that carried with it a sense of real presence, was his ability to talk, his words –the gift of expression, the bewildering, the illuminating, the most exalted and the most contemptible, the pulsating stream of light, or the deceitful flow from the heart of an impenetrable darkness†(124).During this specific moment, light is symbolized as a force used to enlighten, while darkness represents the â€Å"impenetrable† evil. Again, it is ironic that the two are juxtaposed together because Conrad clearly states the light cannot pierce the dark, yet Kurtz is evidently a man who wields the power to speak truth and wisdom. Although Kurtz is a man who embodies the darkness of the jungle, he affirms the understanding that all humans have good and evil coexisting within them. Conrad’s abandonment of the traditional connotation of light is noted when Marlow says, â€Å"I know that the sunlight can be made to lie too†¦ â€Å"(151).Surprisingly, the light which is previously portrayed as truth has evolved into the complete opposite. Since his co ntradiction blurs the line between good and evil, Marlow loses the confidence in his previous ability to judge between the two. As a result, both Marlow and the readers realize that nothing and no one can be totally good or evil, and there are no restrictions to which the concept applies to. Perhaps the most controversial statement about light and dark is when Marlow notices a work of art and says, â€Å"Then I noticed a small sketch in oils, on a panel, representing a woman, draped and blind-folded, carrying a lighted torch.The background was somber–almost black. The movement of the woman was stately, and the effect of the torchlight on the face was sinister†(94). The painting can have a multitude of meanings, ranging from the hypocrisy of imperialism, to the unwillingness of any individual to admit his or her wrongs. Many are quick to endorse the wrongs and flaws of others but refuse to defer to their own, as portrayed by the blindfold of the woman.This is the reason why a majority of people live in a false reality of a black and a white perspective on the world, in which there are only two outcomes to a situation. If everyone could concede to an understanding that all entities have a balance between one another, light and dark would be totally different concepts than what they are today. The three major dualities all contribute to highlight Conrad’s fundamental theme, which asserts that all men are composed of both good and evil and have the choice to maintain an optimal balance.Marlow and Kurtz are not as different as they once appeared in the beginning of the book. Each character struggles with the temptation of the darkness, but only Kurtz is totally consumed. The two characters embody two common choices that occur in reality; to either find a balance between good and evil or to be pushed into the extremity of one side. However, it is important to acknowledge that one entity cannot exist without the other, and in the end, only the in dividual can control his or her fate.

What Drives Someone to Complete the Devastating Acts of...

Since the darkest day, September 11, 2001, the citizens of The United States of America are on alert and are weary of acts of terrorism. One can turn on the television and can easily find an act of terrorism. Most recent acts are the Boston bombings or the bombings in Volgograd, and most recently the two bombings in Sochi. What drives someone to complete the devastating acts of terrorism? How can on predict, based off of antisocial behaviors, who is more likely to become a terrorist? Regardless of ethnicity, nationality, or racial background, experts agree terrorists share one common link: their childhood. One tends to be more susceptible to becoming a terrorist because of a traumatic event in their childhood to cause antisocial behavior.†¦show more content†¦For example Osama Bin Laden, disagreed with political views in his country and what did he do? He gained power and struck fear in people and gained their support to start the revolution for change. All terrorist start their journey to terrorism early in childhood. Most terrorists have a â€Å"criminal mentality and had previous lives as criminals† (Kershaw). Terrorists are criminals; however, their crimes are on a larger scale and tend to be recognized throughout the world. Most terrorists have an â€Å"unconscious fear of mortality, of leaving no legacy† (Kershaw). This explains that a terrorist who upgraded from a criminal does not want to die without leaving a legacy behind. Also there is a â€Å"trigger of some kind to accelerate radicalization - for example, the politically related killing of a friend or relative† (Kershaw). Typically terrorists who started out with a low level criminal mindset, begin to think about dying without a legacy, which causes the person to execute acts of terrorism. The initial trigger for the person to act out is the killing of a relative or close friend. Two of the most famous terrorists that we know today are, Osama Bin La den and Adolf Hitler. We know Bin Laden very well because he left vivid images of the twin towers being destroyed on 9/11, as well as heShow MoreRelated`` Night `` By Elie Wiesel2409 Words   |  10 Pagesinterviews prove the ghastly sights troop encountered while fighting and the hatred they proceeded to take. All of the struggles our troops endured, and they still had to come home to a mind-numbing defeat. On more modern bases, war is fought on terrorism, since the bombing of the world trade center in 2001; furthermore, our troops have been stationed in the Middle East. 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